Tumor angiogenesis is one such biological capability, which supplies oxygen, essential nutrients, and several growth factors, required for cancer cell proliferation and for metastasis formation. This is due to the changes in dietary and adaptation of sedentary lifestyle and the burden of this disease is gradually increasing every day. Over more than 30% of cancer death was directly associated with the dietary food habits. These results clearly exhibit the potential role of PfLP in regressing the tumor progression by targeting angiogenesis and inducing cell death in mouse transplantable tumor.Ĭancer is a second leading disease which causes deaths every year and millions of people around the world are diagnosed with the disease. More interestingly, PfLP did not exhibit any adverse side effects or secondary complications in normal mice.
PfLP has also inducing apoptosis, in cancer cells was revealed by DNA fragmentation assay followed by Giemsa and AO/EBr staining method, showed the apoptotic bodies and condensed nuclei compared to control cells. Gelatin zymogram study reveals that PfLP inhibits metalloproteinases (MMP-2 & MMP-9) activity in order to execute its anti-angiogenic effect.
Further, a significant decrease in the ascites VEGF secretion level was parallel with a drastic reduction in tumoral neovasculature as evidence for angiogenic parameters. PfLP treatment resulted in tumor growth inhibition and increased the life-span of the EAC bearing mice, without showing any detectable side effects, as revealed by histological parameters. Further, we examined the in vivo anticancer and anti-angiogenic properties of PfLP against EAC bearing mice. Experimental results revealed that PfLP shows a promising cytotoxic effect against multiple cancer cell lines. The lectin identified from the fruit sap of Praecitrullus fistulosus, named as PfLP, possesses potent agglutinating activity against trypsinized rabbit erythrocytes and exhibited its functional role against tumor progression, on in vitro & in vivo models. However, there are limited reports on the medicinal properties of the plant and need to be explored. Praecitrullus fistulosus, belonging to the family of Cucurbitaceae is a tropical vegetable and medicinal plant, grown and consumed extensively in subtropical countries, including the subcontinent India.
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